Research and Reports on DTIs and their use, including TurnaSure DTIs
Preload Measurement and Comparison of Structural Bolts sets installed in Steel Connections with and without Direct Tension Indicators2007 Applus, Barcelona, Spain.
Tests for stress relaxation over time1963 to 1971. Sheffield University, Sheffield, England.
Fatigue tests on DTIs1960s Research conducted by British Welding Research Institute, Abington Hall, Cambridge, England.
Load Indicating Washers-load/gap relationship on unloading and loading1960s report from Cooper & Turner Ltd. Sheffield, England.
Comparison of Tightening Methods of HSFG BoltsTime trials comparing DTIs with other methods conducted by W.S. Atkins & Partners, Consulting Engineers, P.A. Management Consultants, British Steel, London, England, August 1970.
DTI Case History- DTIs Save More the $150,000Study on DTI use on Power Plant in Nebraska by Bethlehem Steel, Pennsylvania, USA. Dec 1981.
Study discussing influence of load-indicating washers on bolt relaxation in joints subject to high prying forcesConcludes DTIs are a benefit by Dr. J.O. Surtees and M.E. Ibrahim, Leeds University, Yorkshire, England, Published in Civil Engineering Magazine, April 1982. |
Transverse Vibration Loosening Characteristics of High Strength Fastened Joints using DTIsSPS Contract Research, Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, USA. July 1998.
Study on full flattening of Direct Tension Indicators in Shear Connectionsby Prof Edwin R. Schmeckpeper, Prof. Richard J. Nielsen, and Guy Gentry, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Idaho. USA. Concludes full flattening of DTIs had no detrimental affect. Published in Engineering Journal of American Institute of Steel Construction. First Quarter 1999.
Study on curved protrusion DTIs design assembled without needing nut face or bolt face washersLaboratory Testing Inc, Hatfield, Pennsylvania, USA. 1999.
Impact of Variable Lubricity on Type 325 Structural DTIsStudy showing no change to the new TurnaSure DTIs performance, dry, oiled, or rusty, by Laboratory Testing Inc, Hatfield, Pennsylvania, USA 2000.
Test Report for Accelerated Aging of Weathering Steel Joint using TurnaSure Weathering Steel 7/8" -3 type 325 DTIsStudy concludes DTI prevented rusting inside bolts assembled for unpainted bridges conducted by KTA-Tator, Inc, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. USA. Feb 2002.
New Generation Direct Tension IndicatorsArticle in New Steel Construction magazine, UK describes development of new generation DTIs in USA. Jan-Feb 2004 issue, by Roger Reed, Technical Manager of Thomas William Lench Ltd. |